Human nature is often described as a major description of how human behavior dictates the ways by which humans react to the things that are happening to them everyday. Usually, psychologists obviously notice how the environment, particularly the events in the society affect the lives of the people as well as with their behavior. Through this [particular assessment of effects, psychologists were able to identify the key elements that are involved in the environment as to how they are naturally involved in the changes that humans usually undergo in their behaviors.
On the other side of the issue though lies another question, if the environment directly affects the lives of the humans, would it be possible for humans to actually affect the environment? If so, how? What are the possible proofs that attest to this particular truth? These questions are to be addressed conscientiously within the paragraphs that shall follow in this presentation. The Environment: How is it affected by Humans? Through the years, people mostly control the different elements of the environment.
As for historical example’s specification, the Grecian architecture depicted the early human generation’s creativity and love for artistic creations. The architectural designs of the Grecian era specified the elite designs of the human ideas with regards structural presentations of the establishments that they are particularly building during those times. The consequential effect of the human ideas and behavior towards the architectural presentations are evidently obvious to affect the artistry of the said built constructions in history that still depict the olden time culture up until this era of modern development.
Greek architecture entered its “golden period” in the seventh century B. C. E. That period lasted down to the fourth century B. C. E. Athens became the site for majestic temples and buildings erected in honor of the Greek gods and goddesses. These buildings included the Parthenon, the Temple of the Wingless Victory, and the Erechtheum; while at Corinth the Temple of Apollo and the vast marketplace (or a? go? ra? ) were outstanding. The style of architecture is generally designated by the three main orders of beautiful Greek columns developed: the Doric, the Ionic, and the Corinthian.
The Romans were much indebted to the Greeks as to architectural style. Roman architecture was generally more functional than the Greek, while lacking some of its subtle beauty. The Romans also benefited from the Etruscans, who were noted for their true arch formed with wedge-shaped stones. In the sixth century B. C. E. such true arches were used in a most impressive way in the construction of the great sewers of Rome. The Roman architects are to be credited also with the development of the double arch and the dome, both of which they used in producing enormous column-free rotundas and spacious halls.
The Greek masons had built majestic structures without the use of mortar or cement because of their surpassing skill and precision in fitting and joining the marble blocks used. Roman masons made use of a volcanic earth combined with lime called pozzolana, a hydraulic cement of great cohesive strength. With pozzolana as mortar, the Romans could extend the span of their arches as well as construct multistoried edifices, including the mammoth four-story Colosseum, built in the first century C. E. , with a seating capacity variously estimated to be from 40,000 to 87,000 persons.
Among the more valuable Roman constructions were the great military roads and splendid aqueducts built particularly from the third century B. C. E. forward. As history emerged, the Egyptian and African architecture made certain impact on the human depiction of art as well. Since few written historical records about Africa’s past remain, the Frobenius Institute of Frankfurt, Germany, is, instead, studying African architecture. “These last few symbols of the power and wealth of Africa’s former kingdoms” are now being studied for clues to the past, according to London’s monthly Africa.
The article notes that surviving records indicate that the king of ancient Ghana “ruled over a state much larger and richer than that of his contemporaries in England. ” Also, “Portuguese who visited Benin in the late 15th century placed it on a level with their own country. ” “Historians are becoming increasingly convinced that, for a thousand or more years before the arrival of the first Europeans,” continues the British journal, “Africans lived in highly organized and complex societies which produced great civilizations, armies, religions, systems of law, and, of course, art and architecture.
From this particular picture of the emergence of the architectural designs in the human environment, it could be observed that most of the said styles of building constructions show the different behavioral standings of the individuals themselves during those times. As the different generations of human civilization began to soar for further development, the architectural developments began to emerge in the society as well. The said developments particularly depict the modern understanding of what success really is. For the present human generation, it is undeniable that most individuals believe that success relies on industrialization.
Something that made a great impact on how the different constructed buildings today depict the different values that humans want to portray in the society. Particularly, present architectural designs show how much people want to make use of the different constructions in multiple reasons. The New Age Environmental Designs Buildings that reach for the sky are again in vogue. The first skyscraper, all of ten stories high, was completed in 1885 in Chicago. Its architect had developed what is known as the skeleton framework, that is, the support of walls and floor by the frame.
But walls were still too heavy; then came the daring design to clothe the steel frame of the building with new functional and lighter forms, using fixed glass panes. In 1931 the world’s tallest building was completed—the 102-story Empire State Building in New York city. It cost about $41,000,000. Built in less than two years, it reaches, with its radio-TV tower, 1,472 feet into the sky. From its observatory one can see a distance of eighty miles. Nevertheless, it is soon due to be dwarfed by the new World Trade Center in New York’s lower Manhattan, which is to have two 110-story aluminum-sheathed towers.
No longer does the architect think only in terms of square or rectangular buildings. From the huge garden of technology he can pick the flower he likes best—precast concrete beams that span 100 feet; large, solid-glass panes; roofs of plastic foam or of other material that can fold like an accordion; cable-hung roofs 420 feet across; nor is the end yet. Says architect Marcel Breuer: “You can sculpt concrete; you can mold it, chisel it, and increase the vocabulary of architectural expression.
” So a building can take almost any form its architect is capable of conceiving. The Alcoa Building in San Francisco, for instance, presents a new look, with its crisscross beams firmly bracing it against probable earthquakes. Somewhat like it, but dramatically tapered, the 100-story John Hancock building in Chicago with its giant girders defies the howling winter winds. The serpentine Copan Building in Sao Paulo, Brazil, offers the occupants of its thirty-two stories a large share of the desirable sunshine.